Design and Development of Virtual Experiments for Science Education Based on Mixed Reality

Abstract

This study addresses the difficulty adolescents face in
understanding complex spatial structures and abstract
engineering principles in science education. We designed
and developed a Mixed Reality (MR) virtual experiment
system centered on the traditional Chinese educational toy
“Luban Lock.” The system integrates 12 types of 3D Luban
Lock models and features such as knowledge acquisition,
virtual assembly/disassembly, and challenge-mode review.
Through natural gesture interaction and gamified design, it
establishes an immersive learning environment. Teaching
practice demonstrates that the system significantly
enhances students' learning motivation, spatial cognition,
and understanding of structural principles. This study
offers a practical framework for MR-based virtual
experiments in science education, highlighting its
potential to enhance knowledge construction and foster key
competencies.